本项目拟将电容耦合式非接触电导测量技术提升为非接触电阻抗测量,研究一种适用于气液两相流参数检测的非接触式电学测量新方法，并进而实现气液两相流参数检测。拟结合阻抗相消和相敏解调等电阻抗测量技术，研制出适用于气液两相流参数检测的新型非接触式电阻抗传感器，获得反映气液两相流流动特性的完整电阻抗(幅值，实部和虚部)信息。研究气液两相流各电阻抗测量信息与流型，相含率、流速/流量等被测参数之间的关联关系，综合运用各种先进的信息处理方法，建立相应的测量模型，并最终实现基于非接触式电学测量新方法的气液两相流参数在线测量。本项目的研究可为气液两相流系统的机理研究和工程应用提供有效的参数测量新方法，具有重要的学术价值和广阔的工业应用前景。

This frontier project tackles many of the fundamental research challenges necessary to provide trustworthy information systems for health and wellness,as sensitive information and health-related tasks are increasingly pushed into mobile devices and cloud-based services.The interdisciplinary research team includes expertise from computer science,business,behavioral health,health policy,and healthcare information technology to enable the creation of health&wellness systems that can be trusted by individual citizens to protect their privacy and can be trusted by health professionals to ensure data integrity and security.Although these problems are motivated by a nationally important application domain(health and wellness),the solutions have applications far beyond that domain.This project is developing methods to authenticate clinical staff to tablet computers in a continuous and unobtrusive way,and to provide patients a usable way to control the information that mobile sensors collect about them.One of the goals is to manage security of healthcare devices in the home and in remote clinics,without adding burden on the homeowner or clinical staff;towards this end the investigators are developing methods to verify medical directives issued to remote devices.One approach being investigated is segmenting access to medical records from mobile devices to limit information exposure,and developing methods to audit behavior of this complex ecosystem of devices and systems.The investigators will design tools to handle genomic data in the cloud while enabling patient control over information,detect malware in medical devices through power analysis,and provide contextual information to those who use health data collected in the field.

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Studies in pediatric blood disorders provide an important paradigm for understanding the fundamental mechanisms regulating hematopoiesis and stem cell biology. Unlike adult hematologic disorders, many pediatric diseases result from intrinsic genetic defects that control blood cell development or function. Very little is understod about the molecular pathogenesis of many of the hematologic diseases in children. We plan to develop an innovative, multidisciplinary training program in pediatric nonmalignant hematology and stem cell biology with investigators who have unique expertise and can foster team science. Therefore, we propose a training program that integrates a variety of disciplines and expertise, including molecular and cellular hematopoiesis, alternative organism models, stem cell transplantation, novel technologies in proteomics/genomics, and bioinformatics. Currently, there is no program at Stanford University that supports the training of MD, MD/PhD, or PhD fellows to study Pediatric Nonmalignant Hematology and Stem Cell Biology. Given the declining number of translational and basic researchers in this area, a training program in nonmalignant hematology and stem cell biology will be critical to advance the field. In this application, we seek funding for two MD, MD/PhD, or PhD postdoctoral fellows per year for two years. Trainees will have the opportunity to develop research in one of the 23-faculty member's laboratories. Co-mentors and team science will be highly encouraged. Trainees will be selected from a pool of approximately 80 internal postdoctoral fellow candidates in addition to external candidates based on their academic potential, career goals, and research achievements. The second year of funding will depend on progress. Trainees will be required to participate in multidisciplinary journal clubs, hematology and stem cell biology lectures, clinic conferences, and joint research seminars. Trainees will also take a required course on Pediatric Nonmalignant Hematology and Stem Cell Biology (Pathology 290) with lectures given by the faculty mentors in the training program. Pediatric Hematology/Oncology MD or MD/PhD fellows will meet with their Scholarship Oversight Committees every 6 months to monitor progress and productivity. Trainees will present their work at national meetings, such as ASH, Keystone, and FASEB meetings. We hope to utilize the strengths of Stanford University to develop research collaborations in pediatric nonmalignant hematology and stem cell biology, including the breadth and depth of investigators across many disciplines, to train future leaders in the field.

nnotation：This project is aimed at developing original methods and developing technologies for constructing and analyzing multidimensional data volumes,visualization methods and algorithms for solving a wide range of complex problems,including in the field of computational gas dynamics. The project involves the development of computational technology for a generalized computational experiment based on the synthesis of methods,approaches and algorithms from various disciplines：mathematical modeling,parallel computations,and visual analysis of multidimensional data.Modern computer systems allow today to solve almost any direct problem of computational gas dynamics.But the use of parallel technologies opens the possibility of efficient parametric research,when the key defining parameters of the problem(for example,speed,viscosity,geometric characteristics)change in certain ranges.This approach allows us to obtain a solution not for a single,separately taken problem,but for a class of problems determined by ranges of changes in key parameters.Implementation of this approach presents results in the form of multidimensional datasets.In order to effectively study such multidimensional arrays,visual analytics methods are used,in particular,elastic maps are constructed that allow solving the problems of classification,grouping of data.The main goal here is to search for hidden relationships between key parameters in the class of problems under consideration and to present them in an analytical form,if possible.For visual analysis of the multidimensional array constructed in the process of generalized computing,it is intended to apply the entire spectrum of visual analytics tools. When constructing elastic maps it is supposed to use the quazi-Zoom approach,which allows the construction of elastic maps in areas of increased data density in a multidimensional array.Also,the construction of elastic maps is supposed to be used for filtering and replenishing data.The developed technology of the generalized computational experiment is supposed to be applied to the problems of mathematical modeling in the mechanics of liquids and gases to study the conditions for the appearance of spatio-temporal structures in flows,such as for example the emergence of separation zones in problems of supersonic flow around bodies,interaction of jet streams with obstacles of various kinds,problems that have dual branches of the solution,such as the transition from the Mach reflection of shock waves to the regular one,the appearance of oscillations flow regimes in front of obstacles. To maximize the effectiveness of visual analysis,we propose the development of typed procedures for constructing visual data models developed on the basis of the proposed methodology for a mathematical description of their structure.The proposed approach will be applied for practical tasks. It is supposed to use the developed methods of visual analysis of multidimensional data volumes for other areas,such as analysis of properties of mineral samples,analysis of text databases and visualization of cluster structures in multidimensional volumes of textual information(including economic and social character). The construction of a generalized computing experiment in the form of a single technological chain of algorithms using visual analysis systems for processing and researching multidimensional data volumes is a new approach. Within the framework of the project it is supposed to develop a methodology for analyzing multidimensional nonstationary data corresponding to the solution of systems of nonlinear partial differential equations.In addition to nonlinear dynamics,this technique should simulate the transfer of errors of different nature,including the sampling error and the error of the initial data(initial,boundary conditions,observations of an arbitrary kind)and guaranteed capture of the true solution in a numerical ensemble. The basis of this technique should be an expanded method of expansion for dynamic modes in combination with methods for calculating the transfer of valuable information and its generation from observational data in relation to data assimilation tasks. The implementation of the project as a whole will allow to obtain solutions for CFD problems classes,for example,when studying aerodynamic drag coefficients of elongated bodies of revolution in a stream.Such solutions can be claimed in practice when creating samples of new technology. Expected results：The main expected result of the proposed project is the construction of a generalized computing experiment based on the synthesis of methods,approaches and algorithms from various disciplines：mathematical modeling,parallel computing,visual analytics,multidimensional data analysis,and visual model building. In particular,it is supposed： -development of algorithms and software implementation of modern methods for the analysis of multidimensional data applied to solutions of parametric research problems and optimization analysis of non-stationary processes; -construction of a technological chain for processing a multidimensional data array as a result of solving a parametric study or an optimization problem using parallel computations; -organization of combined application of the methods of Data Analysis and visual analytics to search for hidden relationships between the key factors. -construction of a visual model for a class of problems considered in a generalized computational experiment. The developed approaches are supposed to be used on practical examples to study the conditions for the appearance of space-time structures in flows.Obtaining such solutions for classes of problems in computational gas dynamics can find practical application when creating samples of new technical devices. The approaches developed in the project related to the visual analysis of multidimensional data using elastic maps,filtering and replenishing data do not depend on the nature of the data being studied.Therefore,they are expected to be independently applied in other subject areas for the analysis of text databases and visualization of cluster structures in multidimensional volumes of textual information(including economic and social ones). In modern world scientific practice,the synthesis of methods and algorithms from different disciplines is very common.However,the construction of a unified approach to the creation of a generalized computational experiment that makes it possible to obtain numerical solutions for a class of problems using visual analysis as a key element in the analysis and verification of results at all stages of the study is being realized for the first time.The development of a general approach will make it possible to apply it to problems of mathematical modeling in other disciplines. The results of the research are supposed to be published as a series of articles in peer-reviewed international and domestic publications,including those indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus systems.

Проект посвящен детальному исследованию кристаллической и электронной структуры,электро-физических и магнитных свойств слоистых ди-и трихалькогенидов переходных металлов MX2 и MX3(M=Ti,Nb,Mo,W,Mo,Re;X=S,Se,Te)-перспективных материалов для разработки твердотельных электролитов,солнечных элементов,новых полупроводниковых устройств для наноэлектроники.В задачи проекта входят：синтез представительной серии слоистых ди-и трихалькогенидов элементов 14-17 групп,включая получение модифицированных соединений и пленок;анализ кристаллического и электронного строения,изучение магнитных свойств синтезированных соединений с использованием твердотельной спектроскопии ЯМР на многих ядрах,магнетохимии и рентгеноэлектронной спектроскопии;проведение теоретических исследований с использованием расчетных методов квантовой химии.Будут рассмотрены：(а)эффекты зарядового упорядочения в соединениях с переменной и дробной валентностью;(б)проблема индуцированного(ван-флековского)магнетизма в ди-и трихалькогенидах переходных металлов с четным числом электронов в их частично заполненных d-оболочках;(в)влияние ван-флековского магнетизма на структуру пограничных орбиталей и физико-химические свойства слоистых MX2 и MX3–соединений;(г)сопоставление характеристик слоистых халькогенидов переходных металлов и свойств слоистых углеродных материалов,включая графен и фторированный графен.Результаты исследования могут быть использованы для разработки фундаментальных основ получения новых функциональных материалов и устройств наноэлектроники.

In this study, to develop a more effective and clinically applicable approach, we assessed the efficacy of ALP replacement closer to optimal levels on the full recovery of the bone structure as well as the safety of this approach. We constructed a self-complementary AAV8 vector expressing TNALP driven by the chicken beta-actin (CBA) promoter (scAAV8-CBA-TNALP-D10). The scAAV8-CBA-TNALP-D10 was intravenously injected into newborn HPP mice at a lower-dose of 1.5×1011 v.g./body (1U mL of serum ALP activity) and a higher-dose of 4.5×1012 v.g./body (20U/mL of serum ALP activity). Improved bone structure in the knee joints of the higher-dose treated mice was demonstrated by X-ray images. There was no significant difference in the femur bone mineral density between higher-dose treated mice and WT mice , while lower-dose treated mice densities were significantly lower (n=5, p<0.01).

The purpose of this study was test a scale for predicting postoperative delirium(POD)in patients undergoing cerebrovascular surgery.The predictive scale for POD was composed of five items：dehydration,age,disturbance of consciousness,underlying illness,and anxiety or depression.The possible total score on this scale was 25 points,patients with scores greater than 15 were considered higher risk.The NEECHAM Confusion Scale determined POD onset and severity by nurses of neurological wards.Delirium developed in 17(33.3%)of the 51 patients in our sample.The area under the curve was 0.748.The median score was the non-delirium group vs the delirium group.This difference was significant.This difference was significant.The two items of POD predictive scale items;age,and disturbance of consciousness;were statistically significant between delirium and non-delirium.The present scale shows promise as a tool for predicting POD;however,further studies are needed.